Glossary

Glossary#

accurate measurement#

A measurement with a small random error between measurements.

normal distribution#

A continuous probability distribution for a random variable with a real value. It is also known as a Gaussian, and typically has a bell shape centered at the mean value and with the width defined by the standard deviation.

population#

The total number of occurrences of a particular thing in a defined area.

precise measurement#

A measurement with a small systematic error from the known value.

random error#

Uncertainty that arises from making repeated measurements.

representative sample#

A sample that can be used to infer the characteristics of the population.

sample#

Material or data collected that is a subset of a much larger population. Also referred to as a sampling unit.

systematic error#

Uncertainty that cannot be revealed by repeated measurements.